Frameworks as of Oct 2026
Rank 127 web frameworks from 106 makers: frontend libraries like React, Vue, and Svelte, meta-frameworks like Next.js and Astro, backends from Django and Rails to Hono and Axum, plus htmx, static site generators, desktop and mobile toolkits, and Python data apps. Pick what you are building under Best for, open any framework’s spec sheet, and compare rendering, popularity, and speed below.
Drag frameworks into tiers, or tap one and then a tier. Keyboard: focus a framework, press 1–6 to rank it and 0 to unrank, or Enter then the arrow keys to move it. Ctrl+Z undoes.
Popular is every web framework on the Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2025, the five most used per category in State of JS 2025, and the three most starred on GitHub in each group the surveys skip. Switch to Current or All for 88 more.
Most frameworks sit on another: a UI library, a server, or a protocol. Follow the lines back to the handful they share, and hover a logo for the details.
14 of the 127 frameworks here are in React’s family, from Next.js to Preact, more than any other UI library’s. And 14 of the 22 meta-frameworks build with Vite.
Meta, then the React Foundation. Still developed
Meta’s component library, and the virtual DOM that came with it. It moved to the React Foundation, under the Linux Foundation, in 2026, and more frameworks build on it than on anything else.
Jason Miller. Still developed
A small reimplementation of React’s API with signals built in. A compat layer runs most React libraries, and Fresh is built on it.
Evan You. Still developed
Evan You’s progressive framework: templates, single-file components, and a reactivity package other libraries borrow. Alpine.js runs on it.
Evan You, VoidZero. Still developed
Began as Vue’s dev server and became the build tool almost every meta-framework but Next.js runs on: SvelteKit, Nuxt, Astro, SolidStart, React Router, and more.
Google. Retired
Google’s first framework, with two-way binding and dirty checking. Long-term support ended on 31 December 2021.
Google. Still developed
A rewrite in TypeScript with dependency injection and a CLI, and since v17 signals and built-in SSR. Analog builds a meta-framework on it.
Google. Kept running, no longer developed
Google’s first web components library, from when browsers barely supported them. The team moved on to Lit.
Google. Still developed
Small base classes and templates for standard web components, so they work in any framework, or none.
Rich Harris. Still developed
A compiler that turns components into small imperative code instead of shipping a runtime. Svelte 5 added runes, its take on signals.
Ryan Carniato. Still developed
JSX like React, but components run once and signals update exactly the DOM nodes that change. Most frameworks since have borrowed its signals.
Miško Hevery, Builder.io. Still developed
Writes the app’s state into the HTML so the browser resumes where the server stopped instead of hydrating, and loads code only on interaction.
Ionic. Still developed
Ionic’s compiler for web components, with JSX and a virtual DOM. Ionic’s own UI components are written in it.
The Astro Technology Company. Still developed
Ships HTML first and hydrates only the components marked interactive, written in any UI library. Cloudflare took over the company behind it in January 2026.
W3C. Still developed
A compile target for the browser, so Rust or C# can run the UI. Yew, Dioxus, and Blazor’s client mode compile to it.
John Resig, OpenJS Foundation. Still developed
The library that smoothed over browser differences with $(). Backbone and a generation of plugins leaned on it, and jQuery 4 shipped in 2026.
Many makers. Still developed
Libraries with a model of their own and no shared base: Ember’s conventions, Knockout’s observables, Elm’s architecture, Alpine’s attributes, Marko’s compiler.
Many makers. Still developed
The server sends HTML and a small library swaps it into the page. htmx grew out of intercooler.js (2013); Hotwire out of Turbolinks.
Ryan Dahl, OpenJS Foundation. Still developed
JavaScript on the server, with the http module every early framework built on. AdonisJS, hapi, and Meteor run stacks of their own on it.
TJ Holowaychuk, OpenJS Foundation. Still developed
The routing and middleware that defined Node on the server. NestJS uses it by default, and Sails, Feathers, and LoopBack are built on it.
Express team. Still developed
A smaller redesign by the people behind Express, built around async functions and middleware that cascades.
Matteo Collina, OpenJS Foundation. Still developed
A Node.js server built for speed, with JSON Schema validation and serialization and a plugin system. NestJS can run on it instead of Express.
WinterTC (Ecma TC55). Still developed
Handlers take a standard Request and return a Response, so one codebase runs on Node.js, Deno, Bun, and edge workers.
Python community (PEP 333). Still developed
The 2003 contract between Python web servers and apps. Django, Pyramid, and Flask (through Werkzeug) speak it, and Dash is built on Flask.
Django Channels team. Still developed
WSGI’s async successor from the Django Channels project, adding WebSockets and long-lived connections.
Encode, Marcelo Trylesinski. Still developed
A small ASGI toolkit that FastAPI is built on, and through FastAPI so are Gradio, Reflex, and NiceGUI.
The PHP Group. Still developed
Each request starts fresh and shares nothing, served by PHP-FPM or a long-running server like FrankenPHP. CodeIgniter, CakePHP, Yii, and Slim build on it directly.
Fabien Potencier, SensioLabs. Still developed
The framework and the standalone components it is made of, like HttpFoundation and Console. Laravel and Drupal are built on them.
Taylor Otwell. Still developed
A batteries-included framework with Eloquent, queues, and Artisan. Livewire and Inertia grew up around it.
Trustin Lee, Netty project. Still developed
The event-driven networking library under much of the modern JVM, including the servers of Micronaut, Ktor, and Play.
Tim Fox, Eclipse Foundation. Still developed
A reactive toolkit with an event bus and a polyglot core. Red Hat’s Quarkus is built on it.
Tokio project. Still developed
Rust’s async runtime and HTTP library. Actix Web and Rocket run on Tokio.
Tokio project. Still developed
The Tokio team’s router on hyper and Tower middleware. Loco and Leptos serve their apps with it.
Sun, Oracle, Eclipse Foundation. Still developed
Java’s server API since 1997, now Jakarta EE at the Eclipse Foundation. Spring Boot, Struts, Vaadin, and Javalin run in servlet containers like Tomcat and Jetty, and Helidon implements its APIs.
FriendFeed, Python community. Still developed
Python event-loop servers older than ASGI. Tornado came out of FriendFeed in 2009, aiohttp and Sanic run on asyncio, and Streamlit serves its apps with Tornado.
Christian Neukirchen. Still developed
Ruby’s interface between web servers and apps, inspired by Python’s WSGI. Rails, Sinatra, and Hanami are all Rack apps.
Microsoft. Still developed
Microsoft’s open-source, cross-platform rewrite of ASP.NET with the Kestrel web server. Blazor runs on it.
Go team, Google. Still developed
Go’s standard HTTP server is good enough that most Go frameworks are routers and middleware on top of it: Gin, Echo, Chi, Beego.
Aliaksandr Valialkin. Still developed
A Go HTTP server that gives up net/http compatibility for fewer allocations. Fiber puts an Express-style API on it.
Chris McCord, José Valim. Still developed
Elixir’s web framework on Plug and the BEAM virtual machine, built to hold many connections open at once. LiveView grew out of its Channels.
Apple. Still developed
Apple’s event-driven networking library for server-side Swift, modeled on Netty. Vapor runs on it.
Google and contributors. Still developed
Electron bundles Chromium and Node.js into every app, so apps behave the same everywhere but start at around 100 MB.
Apple, Microsoft, Google. Still developed
Using the browser engine the operating system already ships keeps apps small. Tauri, Wails, and Capacitor draw their UI this way.
Many makers. Still developed
No webview at all: NativeScript and Lynx map JavaScript components to native views, as React Native does, and Flutter draws every pixel itself.
Many makers. Still developed
Markdown and templates in, static HTML out, with no UI framework underneath. Jekyll started it, GitHub Pages spread it, and Hugo made it fast.
Dashed logos mark frameworks that used to sit on that foundation, or still borrow a piece of it.